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This webpage describes the three kinds of subterranean termite, drywood and dampwood, and also also the termite species which are located in infestations around Australia.
Termites are categorized into three environmental categories depending on their nesting and feeding habits: subterranean, drywood and dampwood.
Subterranean termites are the most frequent type of termite that infests wood in buildings and are among the most destructive pests. Outdoors they mostly infest dead timber in contact with the dirt, such as stumps, trees and fallen branches. They prefer although they can digest wood, wood which has some amount of rot which makes it easier for them to digest it. .
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Subterranean termites need to be to live, where moisture can be easily acquired by them in the ground, which makes their nests in or near. They tunnel to get wood or moist soil and in dry seasons they float down deeper to reach moisture. .
The termites use dirt as a substance to construct shelter tubes and nests, which can be made up of faeces, wood, soil and saliva. Some species construct carton nests above ground and construct shield tubes (also referred to as sand tubes) to connect the nest into the soil.
Foraging is determined by the weather, with activity in summer and activity in dry conditions or chilly after rainfall. In tropical areas they could forage with peaks through wetter conditions.
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Drywood termites reside in colonies less than 1000 individuals inside parts of timber. There may be several colonies inside a single piece of timber or object. They could feed across yearly rings as is typical termites so the galleries don't adhere to the grain of timber, but they tend to avoid heartwood.
Colonies may grow for years undetected until even the termites swarm or the timber breaks. The winged alates, that are the casts that leave the nest, might not be made for decades in a colony before the population reaches a vital point. They leave the nest find a site that is new in order to mate and start a new colony, generally not and to set up. .
Decayed timber that stays moist because of contact or, as an example, through a water leak in a building is normally infested by dampwood termites. They are likely to infest timber that is outside, like a tree, stump or logs in contact with the soil.
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Dampwood termites live completely inside the wood that they feed on and create large galleries. As with termites, they may infest wood for many years before they're discovered, which is most likely when the alates swarm from a mature colony. Swarming may occur with various species swarming at distinct times, over several months.
They are an indication of a moisture issue if they're found in a building. They are pests that are minor and may be controlled in structures by removing the supply of moisture. In live trees that they have a tendency to feed on dead and rotting wood.
Species can be tricky to recognize, even for the experts. Identification is based on the soldiers, which is the termite caste which has the features that were most distinguishable.
Of the species it is the Coptotermes species that are public enemy number 1 in Australia.
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The soldier's head is yellowish and rectangular with darker mandibles. Body is up to 7 mm long. It's easily confused with click to investigate two other native Coptotermes species, including C. frenchi and C. lacteus (Victoria Museum)
The soldiers produce a white sticky liquid out of a opening (fontanelle) on the front of mind when defending the nest from attack.
Coptotermes species do not build mounds, except in other regions of Australia and Queensland. They largely nests in trees, sticks, stumps, buried timber under buildings spaces, around homes and in walls. Trees for nesting are various eucalypts, oaks and peppercorns. The colony is found in the lower portion of their trunk or the root crown.
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Coptotermes acinaciformis have become the most destructive termite species in Australia though Mastotermes darwiniensis is the more destructive locally across its range in tropical Australia. C. acinaciformis strikes all lumber structures and damages forest and ornamental trees in addition to fruit trees.